Simon Townsley/Panos Pictures

Daoda (7, blue shirt), who lost his arm to the same bullet that killed his mother and wounded his now 18 month old sister Zanab (blue dress) while they were curled up together sleeping. The attack on their Centre Nord village happened in Christmas 2019. His cousin Fatima (5, orange dress), was shot in the face during the same attack. They are now cared for by their Grandmother Bamogo Soimbdebda at Oasis des Enfants Orphanage, founded 1969.

Once considered 'safe', Burkina Faso (meaning 'land of the upright man') is suffering from increasing instability as a result of attacks from jihadist groups now active in the country.